Not only network issues of the (freight logistic) transport and mobility system have to be considered, but also spatial issues related to urban vitality (socio-economic development, spatial and environmental quality and liveability). In short-term and long-term development, integration will need to address value creation and capturing issues, multi-level governance and institutional issues, and issues related to implementation.
The Vital Nodes approach builds upon the proven Networking for Urban Vitality (NUVit),a successful approach for addressing these challenges through spatial and infrastructure integration. It takes the full A-S-I approach into account